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Ion tracks are damage-trails created by swift heavy ions penetrating through solids, which may be sufficiently-contiguous for chemical etching in a variety of crystalline, glassy, and/or polymeric solids.〔 〕〔 They are associated with cylindrical damage-regions several nanometers in diameter〔 〕〔 〕 and can be studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) or gas permeation.〔 〕 ==Ion track technology== Ion track technology deals with the production and application of ion tracks in microtechnology and nanotechnology.〔 〕 Ion tracks can be selectively etched in many insulating solids, leading to cones or cylinders, down to 8 nanometers in diameter.〔 〕 Etched track cylinders can be used as filters,〔 〕〔 〕 Coulter counter microchannels,〔 〕 be modified with monolayers,〔 〕 or be filled by electroplating.〔 〕〔 〕 Ion track technology has been developed to fill certain niche areas where conventional nanolithography fails, including: *Direct shaping of radiation-resistant minerals, glasses and polymers〔 〕 *Generation of elongated structures with a resolution limit down to 8 nanometers〔 *Direct generation of holes in thin films without any development process〔 〕 *Defining structural depth by ion range rather than by target thickness〔 〕 *Generating structures with aspect ratio (depth divided by width) up to 104.〔 *Shaping rigid and flexible materials at a defined cutting angle〔 〕 *Exploring the realm of aligned textures with defined inclination angles〔 〕 *Generation of random patterns consisting of partially overlapping single tracks〔 〕 *Generation of large numbers of individual single track structures〔 〕 *Generation of aimed patterns consisting of individual single tracks〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ion track」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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